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Monitoring Ventilation with Capnography

Carbon dioxide is generated in the body as a metabolic byproduct. It dissolves in the blood and is transported in the bloodstream until it reaches the lungs, where it diffuses into the alveoli. The alveoli are ventilated through an open tracheobronchial tree and a patent upper airway. Carbon dioxide can then be detected in the patient's expired breath. The measurement of expired carbon dioxide is useful because it can provide insight into important life-sustaining processes, including metabolic, circulatory, and respiratory activity. When satisfactory measurements of carbon dioxide cannot be made during patient exhalation, medically significant impairment of one or more of these processes may be present

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